Urban Climatic Impact and Mitigation Technologies

 

Present and Future Energy Consumption of Buildings: Challenges and Opportunities towards Decarbonisation

Abstract


The present article aims to present and discuss the energy and environmental reality in the building sector and critically investigate the future pathways towards its decarbonisation. The current economic and employment characteristics as well as the energy, environmental, climate and social impact of the building sector are analysed. The main current and future challenges related to overpopulation, climate change, urbanisation, energy consumption, material use and poverty are explored and evaluated.

Urban overheating is affecting our life. Some thoughts.

Link:

https://au.finance.yahoo.com/news/millions-sydney-homes-uninhabitable-15-years-013149489.html

The cool tech Mat Santamouris is working on now

Mat Santamouris will detail at Moonshot 2030 how his building coating product can slash ambient heat from 40 degrees to 25 degrees on materials with his coating. See him speak on Tuesday during the pitch fest.

It is now widely accepted that unsuitable roofing material contributes to the high ambient summer heat of our big cities.

Highly Cited Researchers

Link:

 https://recognition.webofscience.com/awards/highly-cited/2021/?fbclid=IwAR1BadcpKD1kLm88m0WyOWHhzYI5rn3QFnRkvztFP2H7p-PaEtVdDEppFPs

Διαδικτυακή διάλεξη για την τοπική κλιματική μεταβολή σε 2700 συναδέλφους εκπαιδευτικούς

 

Top 2% researchers by Stanford and Elsevier

Stanford University and Elsevier have published the ranking of the 2% of the most influential researchers in the world in all scientific disciplines for 2021. The list includes 190000 researchers. Very proud to be in the list in a good position, No 539.

List :   https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/16LFgWv5Cl2Z_TQ-eMD084r3Oug5avmAR/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=116281795471312124273&rtpof=true&sd=true

‘This may save lives’: Ditching dark roofs drops mercury by up to 10 degrees

 

By Angus Thompson

Ditching dark roofing across Sydney will lower the city’s summer ambient temperatures by up to 2.4 degrees, according to University of NSW research commissioned by the federal government.

A switch to cool-roofing options as simple as a coat of white paint could also drive down indoor temperatures in uninsulated homes

Super cool building materials prove powerful arsenal against climate change

New building materials that reflect rather than absorb solar energy can reduce peak temperatures in our cities by up to four degrees.

New building materials that reduce urban temperatures, and counteract the effects of climate change, will be produced in a research partnership between UNSW Sydney and the University of Sydney.

Ο Ματθαίος Σανταμούρης απαντά κλιματική κρίση ή κακοτεχνίες οδηγούν στις εικόνες

 

Optimization of Random Silica-Polymethylpentene (TPX) Radiative Coolers Towards Substantial Cooling Capacity

Feng J KaiGao YueJ iang Giulia Ulpiani Djordje Krajcicc Riccardo Paolini Gianluca βRanzc 

and M. Santamouris
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Volume 234, January 2022, 111419


The context of global warming, radiative coolers with high solar reflectance and strong emissivity in the atmospheric window can cool the substrate as well as the ambient air. Silica at its nano or micro-scale being randomly dispersed into a uniform transparent polymer can form scalable radiative coolers for large-scale application. Promising cooling performance has been reported for silica-polymers compared with conventional cooling materials, but their performance can be largely influenced by various fabrication parameters.

On the mitigation potential and climatic impact of modified urban albedo on a subtropical desert city

Afifa Mohammed, Ansar Khan, Mattheos Santamouris

Extreme urban heat alongside higher ambient temperatures in urban areas causes serious energy, comfort, health and environmental problems. The implementation of urban heat mitigation techniques can significantly reduce urban temperatures and counterbalance the impact of extreme urban heat.

Μάνθος Σανταμούρης: Η κλιματική αλλαγή και η αντιμετώπισή της – Podcast

 

Ο Μάνθος Σανταμούρης διακεκριμένος καθηγητής Φυσικής Ενέργειας στο Πανεπιστήμιο New South Wales της Αυστραλίας μιλάει στο artpointview.gr και τη Ρίτσα Μασούρα για την ανάγκη αποδοχής και ανάσχεσης της κλιματικής αλλαγής, τονίζοντας ότι εισερχόμαστε σε μια νέα πραγματικότητα που ουδεμία σχέση έχει με όσες έχουμε ζήσει ως τώρα.

Το Ριάντ, η Αθήνα, κι ένας Έλληνας ερευνητής που πολεμάει την αστική υπερθέρμανση

Καθώς η θερμοκρασία στο Ριάντ, την πρωτεύουσα της Σαουδικής Αραβίας, αγγίζει τους 45 βαθμούς Κελσίου και η ζωή στην πόλη των 5 εκατομμυρίων κατοίκων έχει γίνει πια αφόρητη, η βασιλική επιτροπή του Ριάντ προσέφυγε στο Πανεπιστήμιο της Νέας Νότιας Ουαλίας στο Σίδνεϊ και στην

Αρχιτεκτονική Υψηλής Απόδοσης - Κλιματική Αλλαγή - Συνδέσεις ΕΡΤ

 

Αίτια Καταστροφής - Αθήνα Τόκιο ΕΡΤ

 

Enhancing the cooling potential of photoluminescent materials through evaluation of thermal and transmission loss mechanisms

Samira Garshasbi,
Shujuan Huang,
Jan Valenta &
Mat Santamouris


Scientific Reports volume 11, Article number: 14725 (2021) Cite this article
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-94354-7
 

Photoluminescent materials are advanced cutting-edge heat-rejecting materials capable of reemitting a part of the absorbed light through radiative/non-thermal recombination of excited electrons to their ground energy state. Photoluminescent materials have recently been developed and tested as advanced non-white heat-rejecting materials for urban heat mitigation application.

The heat mitigation potential and climatic impact of super-cool broadband radiative coolers on a city scale

Day Time Radiative Cooling is the air conditioning of tomorrow. The development of super cool materials can decrease the peak temperature of cities up to 3 C and provide huge energy benefits. Extremelly happy to share the newly published work of our lab, published in the prestigious journal Cell Reports on Physical Science. This is part of the PhD work our our excellent student Jie Feng.

Talk on " Cooling Cities Advances on Urban Overheating and Mitigation Research "

Research trends on environmental, energy and vulnerability impacts of Urban Heat Islands: An overview

Energy and Buildings. Volume 246, 1 September 2021, 111051

M.E.Gonzalez-Trevizo K.E.Martinez-Torres J.F.Armendariz-Lopez M.Santamouris G.Bojorquez-Morales A.Luna-Leon



Scientific research on Urban heat islands (UHI) and urban. overheating has set new challenges for societies regarding risk and vulnerabilities, energy demands and mitigation strategies to favor urban environmental quality conditions against urban pollution. This review manuscript addresses systematically 171 relevant studies to identify and characterize gaps in the field of knowledge, through a robust evidence-based analysis focused on identifying taxonomic recurrences, trends in the study of urban fields of impact, global leaderships, mitigation strategies, methodological divergences, remote sensing indexes, data sources, legal frame, among other significant aspects on the context of environmental degradation and energy.

Experimental development and testing of low-cost scalable radiative cooling materials for building applications

Laura Carlosenav Ángel Anduezade Luis Torres Olatz Irulegib Rufino J.Hernández-MinguillónvJoaquínSevillad Mattheos Santamouris Experimental development and testing of low-cost scalable radiative cooling materials for building applications Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Volume 230, 15 September 2021, 111209

Urban overheating has a serious impact on building energy consumption. Daytime radiative cooling materials are an interesting passive solution for refrigeration. However, their costs and complex manufacturing hinder their current application. In this study, a series of scalable and lowcost daytime radiative cooling (DTRC) materials were designed, fabricated, and tested in a moderate climate (Cfb-Köppen-Geiger classification) and compared to aluminum and Vikuiti.

Ενεργειακή Απόδοση στα Κτήρια, Ενεργειακή Φτώχια, Κλιματική Κρίση (Συνέντευξη)

Συνέντευξη στον Θάνο Μπελαλίδη σχετικά με την ενεργειακή απόδοση στα κτήρια, την ενεργειακή φτώχια και την κλιματική κρίση (Click Here)

Local synergies and antagonisms between meteorological factors and air pollution: A 15-year comprehensive study in the Sydney region

GiuliaUlpiani GianlucaRanzi MatSantamouris
Science of The Total Environment

Volume 788, 20 September 2021, 147783



Associated with rapid urbanization and escalation of bushfire events, Sydney has experienced significant air quality degradation in the XXI century. In this study, we present a 15-year retrospective analysis on the influence of individual meteorological factors on major air pollutants (NO2, O3, PM10 and PM2.5) at 14 different sites in Greater Sydney and Illawarra.

Cooling Cities – Advances in Urban Overheating and Mitigation Research

Abstract

This lecture aims to present and discuss recent research developments in the field of urban overheating, its impact on city life, and the development implementation and performance of advanced heat mitigation
studies to counterbalance the impact of increased urban temperatures. Recent results on the potential synergies between urban overheating and global climate change will be presented.

Development of a heat stress exposure metric – Impact of intensity and duration of exposure to heat on physiological thermal regulation

Mahsan Sadeghi, Richard de Dear, Geoffery Morgan, Mattheos Santamouris, Bin Jalaludin
Building and Environment

Volume 200, August 2021, 107947

An innovative bioclimatic metric based on the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) is developed to quantify human thermal physiological heat stress. The Heat Stress Exposure (HSE) metric includes both duration and intensity dimensions of heat exposure, and in this paper it is applied to the Sydney Australia climatology. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to spatially represent and visualize Sydney's HSE.

Urban Overheating, Mitigation Technologies and the impact on Health

 

On the cooling potential of urban heating mitigation technologies in a coastal temperate city

A.DandouaG. PapangelisaΤ. KontosB M.Santamouris M.Tombrou
Landscape and Urban Planning

Volume 212, August 2021, 104106

We assess the impact of advanced heat-mitigation technologies in a coastal temperate city under heatwave conditions. For the first time urban-heating mitigation scenarios that refer to ‘cool/reflective’ roofs and roads, ‘green/living’ roofs and shading by replacing low urban vegetation with deciduous broadleaf trees are considered at the highly dense-populated city of Athens (Greece). Numerical simulations are performed for a typical see-breeze and a heatwave day with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled to an urban-canopy model.

Influences of wind speed, sky conditions, land use and land cover characteristics on the magnitude of the urban heat island in Seoul

An exploratory analysis Jack Ngarambe a , Jin

Woo Oh, Mi Aye Su , Mat Santamouris , Geun Young Yun

Sustainable Cities and Society

Volume 71, August 2021, 102953


Revailing weather conditions and urban morphology are among the fundamental drivers of the radiative and turbulent exchange processes that inherently result in an urban heat island (UHI). The influence of such drivers varies with temporal changes and must be estimated using recent and sufficiently large meteorological and land-use datasets.

Macroeconomic, demographic and climatic indicators for household electricity consumption model in Cyprus

Andri Pyrgou and Mat Santamouris

Journal Sustainable Development, : 10.1080/14786451.2021.1921778 2021

By 2030 Cyprus committed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 40% and increase renewables’ energy share by 19% according to the European engagements. Difficulties appear due to the continuous increase in domestic energy consumption, the large dependency on fossil fuels and the adverse climate. A number of macroeconomic, demographic and climatic indicators that influence Cyprus’s electricity consumption (EC) was analysed for years 2000–2018 using augmented Dickey–Fuller unit root test and the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL). The ARDL model revealed that an increase in population could radically increase EC in the long-run and short-run. Results posit that a 1% increase in urban population, electricity price and unemployment decrease domestic EC in the long-run by 17.25%, 0.48% and 0.30%, respectively.

Combating climate change in an urban environment (Podcast by Global Greek Influence)

Mat Santamouris, the Anita Lawrence Professor of High-Performance Architecture at the University of New South Wales in Australia, is my guest this week.

Professor Santamouris discusses combating urban climate change through the synergy of research and perceptions, science and politics:
Enhancing communication of fragmented urban policies and activities between the different.
The measures to overcome energy poverty, a problem for developing and developed countries.
The positive integration of nanoscale photonics with quantum dots, as part of the tremendous revolution in material science.

Combating climate change in an urban environment- Global Greek Influence podcast

 

Urban overheating, mitigation technologies and the impact on health (Lecture)

The lecture aims to present and discuss recent research developments in the field of urban overheating, its impact on the city life. The impacts of implementation and performance of advanced heat mitigation studies on increased urban temperatures and population health have been investigated in the study.

Energy efficiency rules considered for Northern Territory buildings, years after other states

Even on a sweltering hot day in the tropics, consultant Anya Lorimer is ready to rug up for meetings in Darwin's heavily air-conditioned office buildings.

Researchers say the Top End capital is one of the world's highest consumers of cooling energy.

And it's not just because of the year-round warm weather, according to Mattheos Santamouris, from the University of New South Wales.

"The cooling energy needs are very, very high and this is because of the quality of buildings," he said.

For more than a decade, construction in the Northern Territory has not had to meet minimum energy efficiency standards adopted around the rest of the country.

The result is a city full of commercial buildings using large amounts of energy to battle hot conditions outside and inefficient design within.

Expanding the applicability of daytime radiative cooling: Technological developments and limitations

Daytime Radiative Cooling is the most promising zero energy natural cooling technology. It can decrease the temperature of a surface up to 15 C below the ambient one under the summer sun without any energy use. We have explored the possible future developments in a recent article, outcome of a fruitful collaboration between Uni Sydney and UNSW.

Sydney’s inland suburbs are 10°C warmer than the coast in heat waves

Large-scale weather patterns and urban overheating are interacting to make Sydney’s inland suburbs up to 10°C warmer than coastal areas during extreme heat events.

Urban overheating occurs when temperatures in certain parts of an urban environment are comparatively higher than those in surrounding urban areas. The phenomenon occurs as a result of a combination of factors, including heat fluxes linked to human activity and air pollution. What’s more, artificial materials used to build roads, roofs and other urban architecture absorb solar radiation and release it slowly, further heating the air, in a way that trees and other vegetation don’t.

On the potential of demand-controlled ventilation system to enhance indoor air quality and thermal condition in Australian school classrooms

Elevated air temperature and poor IAQ are common problems in classrooms, which are exacerbated in the absence or lack of proper ventilation to remove excessive heat and stale air. Although mechanical ventilation systems dominated over natural ventilation in commercial and office buildings, natural ventilation in combination with split systems air-conditioners is typically used in Australian schools. While literature highlights different sources of pollutants in classrooms, IAQ, and associated problems, split systems are given more attention to set the classroom air temperature and respond to climate. Results presented here show empirical evidence in support of the need for adequate ventilation and IAQ in classrooms, which cannot be achieved by split air-conditioners based on cooling only policy without the reference to IAQ requirements. We showed demand-controlled ventilation system with air extraction yield to reduction of Carbon dioxide and Volatile Organic Compounds. If you like to read more check our recently published paper. 

Read more :

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378778821001225?dgcid=author

Can urban heat be mitigated in a single urban street? Monitoring, strategies, and performance results from a real scale redevelopment project

Urban overheating affects the health and wellbeing of communities, the environmental quality, and the economic performance of cities. This study demonstrates that outdoor thermal comfort can be improved in a single street by decreasing ambient (Ta) and surface (Ts) temperatures by implementing innovative and traditional heat mitigation strategies. Ten scenarios were modelled in ENVI-met and evaluated based on detailed in-situ and airborne-based meteorological data collected along Phillip Street (Parramatta) in Sydney, Australia. The best-performing scenario combining reflective materials, increased greenery, spray systems, and traditional shading provides a very significant reduction of Ta and Ts of up to 3.3 °C and 30.9 °C, respectively.

On the impact of modified urban albedo on ambient temperature and heat related mortality

Do u know that the magnitude of the temperature drop caused by the albedo increase in cities is close to 0.09C per 0.1 rise of the albedo ? Also that the levels of the urban heat related mortality increase significantly as a function of the population size of the cities and the local poverty levels while ncreased urban albedo reduces heat related mortality between 0.1 and 4 deaths per day, corresponding to an average decrease of deaths close to 19.8% per degree of temperature drop, or 1.8% per 0.1 increase of the albedo?

Read more:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0038092X21000475?dgcid=author

Πιθανόν ακατοίκητα να είναι προάστια του Σύδνεϋ τις επόμενες δεκαετίες λόγο υψηλών θερμοκρασιών

 

Ειδικοί εκτιμούν ότι στα επόμενα 20 με 30 χρόνια συνοικίες και προάστεια του Σύδνεϋ θα είναι ακατοίκητα, με τα καλοκαίρια να μακραίνουν και τη θερμοκρασία να αγγίζει τους 50 βαθμούς κελσίου.

Πριν από λίγες ημέρες στην πολιτεία της Νέας Νότιας Ουαλίας παρατηρήθηκε ένα ασυνήθιστο για την παρούσα περίοδο, τόσο σε έκταση όσο και σε ένταση, κύμα καύσωνα.

Heatwaves may mean Sydney is too hot for people to live in 'within decades'

Parts of Victoria and NSW are sweating through an extreme heatwavethat started sweeping across Australia's southeast on Saturday.

This may seem like just a good excuse to go to the beach, but as the planet warms and summers become longer and less bearable, heatwaves are coming to represent an existential threat to Australian suburbs.

Already, heat kills more people in Australia than any other natural disaster, including floods, cyclones and bushfires.

Urban Heat Island (UHI) Mitigation : Hot and Humid Regions

This book discusses the concepts and technologies associated with the mitigation of urban heat islands (UHIs) that are applicable in hot and humid regions. It presents several city case studies on how UHIs can be reduced in various areas to provide readers, researchers, and policymakers with insights into the concepts and technologies that should be considered when planning and constructing urban centres and buildings. The rapid development of urban areas in hot and humid regions has led to an increase in urban temperatures, a decrease in ventilation in buildings, and a transformation of the once green outdoor environment into areas full of solar-energy-absorbing concrete and asphalt.

Building in Hot and Humid Regions: Historical Perspective and Technological Advances

 

This book presents an in-depth analysis covering climatic and weather conditions, house and building development history, construction methods and technologies, and environmental conditions. It provides relevant house and building information and highlights recent advances in hot and humid regions, as well as developments in other regions that are relevant to hot and humid climates.

The countries in hot and humid regions, which include the tropical countries, the Middle Eastern countries around the Mediterranean, and many countries of Central Asia and Africa, are home to some of the most challenging conditions in the world in terms of house and building design and construction, and in terms of maintaining indoor thermal comfort and air quality in an energy-efficient way.